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Digital ad spend exploded in the early 2020s, experiencing 41% year-on-year growth between 2020 and 2021. Fast forward to 2026 and whilst digital ad spend is still increasing, the growth rate has slowed significantly. Year-on-year growth between 2025 and 2026 is forecast at around 6.7%.
Several factors are at play: growth rates naturally flatten over time with market maturation, slowed overall economic growth is being reflected in cautious marketing budgets, and challenges relating to perceived ad effectiveness and targeting have also left their mark.
And, since every action has an equal and opposite reaction, ad costs are up squeezing already tight margins. Cost-per-click (CPC) for search ads has risen by nearly 40% over the past three years. But slashing advertising budgets isn’t necessarily the most effective course of action. As some sources suggest, the amount of digital advertising spend that is wasted may be as high as 60%.
Instead of spending less, brands should be looking to reduce wasted ad spend. So, we’ve put together five tips to help you with ad spend optimization. The good news is that once you understand exactly what’s causing ad spend wastage and how to spend more efficiently, the situation starts to look a whole lot better.
Ad fraud is the biggest cause of wasted ad spend. Global losses were projected at $41.4 billion in 2025. Ad fraud skews performance metrics, creating invalid leads and depressing conversion rates. Advertiser budgets get shifted towards fraudulent sources, draining return on investment (ROI).
Overly broad audience targeting also results in wasted ad spend. When targeting is too broad, ads reach the wrong audience through excessive retargeting to users with no conversion potential. Focusing advertising budgets on specific audiences and target accounts is far more effective.
In 2025, over 71% of publishers stated that first-party data was their key source of positive advertising results. Shifting from broad targeting practices to first-party audience signals helps brands ensure that ads are only shown to real, relevant audiences that will deliver measurable outcomes. This is achieved by targeting consented audiences such as existing customers or logged-in users - audiences that demonstrate real intent and are far more likely to convert.
First-party data also enables deterministic and probabilistic modelling, which is essential for reducing waste at scale. Deterministic modelling uses known identifies (such as logins or customer IDs) to reach and measure real people with high accuracy, while probabilistic modelling uses these deterministic signals as training data to extend reach to similar high-value users. These approaches improve targeting precision and ensure ad spend is directed toward high-probability audiences rather than anonymous or fraudulent traffic.
For best results, advertisers should prioritize high-intent behavioural data – signals based on real actions, proximity to conversation and deliberate engagement rather than generic demographic or interest-based parameters. 93% of B2B marketers report conversation rate increases when using high-intent data.
Instead of cutting ad spend, create an advertising strategy that works harder and has impact. Even amidst advertising inflation, a strong campaign will continue generating a healthy ROI. The best advertising campaigns are:
In recent years the idea that emotionally driven campaigns perform better has been popularized. And whilst there is truth in this, it’s not always the case. Whether your campaign will be better served by emotion-led or rationale-led advertising depends heavily on the type of product or service being sold.
One study found that emotive messaging works best when promoting products and experiences that the consumer can observe and evaluate after purchase (buying wine, for example). And rationale messaging works best when promoting goods or experiences where usage is more difficult to measure (expert services like medical procedures, for example).
Contextual advertising involves placing ads in relevant environments, based on a web page’s content. For example, an ad about a new kitchen gadget might be published on a food blog. Advertisers reach audiences that are likely to be interested in their products based on the content they consume, even if they’re not directly searching for that product. This broadens audience reach (without reverting to the blanket approach we know doesn’t work) and increases engagement.
Contextual ads are 50% more likely to be clicked on and have a 30% higher conversion rate than non-contextual ads. When combined with neuro-contextual strategies (which align advertising not only with context but also with the audience’s cognitive and emotional state), this effectiveness increases even further. By delivering messages at moments when users are most receptive, neuro-contextual advertising strengthens attention, and purchasing intent. A recent study by Seedtag found that neuro-contextual ad placements significantly outperformed other formats, driving 3.5% higher neural engagement vs. non-contextual ads, +30% uplift in neural engagements vs. standard contextual ads, and +26% increase in positive, action-driving emotional response.
Because contextual advertising targets content, not individuals, it also protects user privacy. With the advertising industry moving towards a more privacy-centric approach in general, contextual advertising remains crucial.
With so much ad spend lost to inefficiency, building efficiency into the supply path is fundamental to optimizing campaign outcomes and achieving higher ROI without increasing marketing budgets. Supply Path Optimization (SPO) reduces wasted ad spend by removing inefficiencies like duplicate auctions, redundant bids and hidden technology fees from the programmatic supply chain. By prioritizing direct, transparent paths to quality publishers, brands lower cost-per-mile (CPM) and improve win rates.
Cleaner supply paths also improve signal quality, allowing demand-side-platform (DSP) algorithms to learn more effectively and deliver better performance at lower cost. To further reduce wasted spend, combine SPO practices with robust performance measurement and incremental testing to ensure ad spend is driving real business outcomes and not just redundant exposures. Best practice includes using randomized samples, comparing against true control groups, and measuring based on lift (what caused the conversion) not just credit (who touched the conversion).
Once target parameters have been set, advertisers can make their dollars go further by carefully spreading ad spend out across different platforms and formats. Once again, it’s important not to fall into the trap of being too generic and spend distribution should never come at the expense of robust targeting. You still need to be clear about who you want to reach and where you want to reach them. But since customers rarely stick to just one platform, cross-platform campaigns are a must.
The best way to approach spend allocation is to identify the platforms where you have the most organic reach then divert some spending towards repurposing top-performing content into different formats. That could be paid ads, social media ads, video ads, audio ads, or even in-game advertising. Consider new and emerging formats: if you know your audience spends time streaming content, shopping online, or consuming media across multiple devices, expanding into Connected TV (CTV), retail media, and programmatic campaigns can significantly extend your reach.
CTV allows brands to reach highly engaged audiences in premium, full-screen environments, while retail media enables advertisers to influence consumers closer to the point of purchase using first-party data from retailers. Programmatic ties it all together, allowing for real-time optimization and consistent targeting across channels at scale. When used as part of a unified strategy, these formats help brands more accurately follow their audiences and reduce wasted ad impressions as a result.
“2026 will be the year CTV becomes a full-funnel medium,” commented Max Deyerl, Manager and Product Innovator at Virtual Minds to IAB Europe. “As retail media networks integrate with CTV inventory, as shoppable formats mature, and as AI improves household-level attribution, CTV will prove its ability to drive incremental conversions, not just incremental reach.”
Research shows that automation can decrease cost per lead by nearly 20% and cost per click by 9%. Automated advertising platforms like Demand Side Platforms (DSPs), ad attribution products, and anomaly detection services are equipped with features to help advertisers optimize ad spend, track ad value metrics, and flag up anomalies in campaign data. Traditionally, these automation tools have focused on rule-based optimizations such as pausing underperforming ads, reallocating budget based on predefined thresholds, or scheduling campaigns based on historical performance.
Similarly, dedicated ad management tools measure campaign success and use measurement and attribution to identify the most lucrative growth opportunities. This enables teams to scale what works and eliminate inefficiencies faster than manual processes.
Today, modern AI-driven optimization is taking performance optimization a step further by continuously adapting. The Trade Desk, for example, uses advanced AI and machine learning to score impressions, predict outcome likelihood, and optimize bids in real time. Instead of relying on static rules, AI models analyze vast amounts of historical and live data to make predictive adjustments, automatically increasing or decreasing bids based on the likelihood of conversion or customer value. This helps prevent wasting spend on impressions or clicks that are unlikely to perform.
Similarly, AI-powered anomaly detection goes beyond simple threshold alerts by identifying subtle performance shifts before they materially impact spend. And at the creative level, AI is capable of dynamically testing and optimizing messaging, formats, and visuals to identify winning combinations faster than manual A/B testing or generic automation workflows.
Combined, these capabilities reduce wasted ad spend more effectively than traditional automation tools by continuously optimizing outcomes. In fact, research suggests that AI driven audience targeting increases ad performance by 30% while reducing costs by 25%.
Privacy-first advertising strategies reduce wasted ad spend by improving the quality of the data used to make buying decisions. As third-party cookies and cross-site tracking disappear, identity-based targeting increasingly relies on incomplete or degraded signals, leading to duplicated reach and misattribution. Privacy-first approaches shift optimization toward first-party, consented data, which is inherently more accurate and stable. This allows advertisers to allocate budget with greater confidence and avoid spending on impressions that can’t be properly measured against outcomes.
In addition, privacy-first optimization encourages a move away from user-level surveillance and toward aggregate performance signals and outcome-based learning, which AI systems can use to optimize more effectively at scale. For example, an ad platform can optimize bids toward high-performing cohorts based on conversion patterns without needing individual user histories.
Instead of chasing individuals, AI models built around privacy-first targeting analyze patterns relating to conversion likelihood, engagement, and contextual performance to predict where spend will be most efficient. This not only protects user privacy but also cuts wasted spend caused by broken targeting pools. The result is advertising that performs better over time and directs budget toward impressions that are more likely to drive results.
Testament to the success of privacy-first targeting, major brands and publications are embracing these methods. In September 2025, it was reported that The Guardian would be increasing its online advertising services through a privacy-first model in partnership with identity provider, ID5.
“This partnership reflects the evolution of digital identity toward a sustainable, privacy-first model that empowers publishers to take control of their audience relationships and future-proof their monetisation strategies,” said Morwenna Beales, Vice President of publisher Development at ID5.
In their search to improve return on ad spend, adtech companies should also consider where cost savings can be made around one of their biggest expenses - infrastructure. Many are led to believe that the most cost-effective infrastructure solutions lie with hyperscale cloud providers. And it makes sense. Hyperscale cloud comes with minimal barriers to entry, pay-per-usage plans, and quick provisioning. But often these aren’t the solutions offering the best balance between network quality and affordability.
The reality of pay-per-use models like these is that, more often than not, you end up paying a premium for what you need. And as your resource demand increases, it’s easy to start haemorrhaging money. Instead of achieving flexibility, companies find themselves locked-in to services that are financially unsustainable.
Nobody wants to change infrastructure provider. But by shopping around to see what else is out there, including options for reducing spend on baseline compute needs with dedicated hosting, you can save serious money. Infrastructure-as-a-service from bespoke hosting providers comes with predictable costs, increased transparency, and far better levels of technical support. Through a full or partial migration to bespoke adtech server hosting, companies can find a better balance between spend and performance.
When the economy shows signs of instability, ad budgets are usually the first thing to go. But slashing budgets isn’t necessarily the solve-all option it seems and often businesses find that the decision causes more problems than it solves long-term. From making use of automation and contextualized advertising, to investigating the new world of AI-driven automation, there are tools at your disposal to help you spend more efficiently and ensure return on ad spend.

Frances is proficient in taking complex information and turning it into engaging, digestible content that readers can enjoy. Whether it's a detailed report or a point-of-view piece, she loves using language to inform, entertain and provide value to readers.